Proctolin was initailly isolated from the hindgut of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, and subsequently localized in the nervous systems of a number of arthropods. This peptide has chronotropic and inotropic effects on decapod hearts. It causes graded contractures of some visceral and skeletal muscles in insects and crustaceans. Brown, BE; Starrat, A., J. Insect Physiol., 21, 1879, (1975); Brüstle, B; et.al., J. Exp. Biol., 204, 2627, (2001 ); Wilkens, J; et al., J. Exp. Biol., 208, 737, (2005).
M.W.: 648.77
